agentic-studio/network-poc/temp/static-old/docs/tofu-cheatsheet.md

OpenTofu Quick Reference

Core Architecture

• Graph-based execution: resources form a DAG, parallel where possible
• Provider plugins communicate via gRPC (plugin protocol v5/v6)
• State tracks resource → real-world mapping (JSON format)
• Plan → Apply workflow: always preview before changing

HCL Essentials

terraform {
  required_providers {
    aws = { source = "hashicorp/aws", version = "~> 5.0" }
  }
}

provider "aws" { region = "eu-north-1" }

resource "aws_instance" "web" {
  ami           = "ami-0c55b159cbfafe1f0"
  instance_type = "t3.micro"
  tags = { Name = "web-server" }
}

variable "env" {
  type    = string
  default = "dev"
}

output "ip" { value = aws_instance.web.public_ip }

data "aws_ami" "latest" {
  most_recent = true
  owners      = ["amazon"]
  filter {
    name   = "name"
    values = ["al2023-ami-*-x86_64"]
  }
}

Resource Lifecycle

• create_before_destroy: new resource before destroying old
• prevent_destroy: block accidental deletion
• ignore_changes: skip drift on specified attributes
• replace_triggered_by: force replacement when dependency changes

Destroy Order

• Destroy runs in reverse dependency order
• ForceDestroy needed for resources with dependencies
• Deposed instances cleaned up automatically

State Encryption (OpenTofu-specific)

terraform {
  encryption {
    key_provider "pbkdf2" "main" {
      passphrase = var.state_passphrase
    }
    method "aes_gcm" "main" {
      keys = key_provider.pbkdf2.main
    }
    state {
      method   = method.aes_gcm.main
      enforced = true
    }
  }
}

Module Structure

modules/
  vpc/
    main.tf
    variables.tf
    outputs.tf
  app/
    main.tf
    variables.tf
    outputs.tf
main.tf          # root module
variables.tf
outputs.tf
terraform.tfvars

Key Commands

• tofu init: initialize providers and modules
• tofu plan: preview changes
• tofu apply: execute changes
• tofu destroy: remove all resources
• tofu state list/show/mv/rm: state management
• tofu import: bring existing resource under management

Best Practices

• Always use required_providers with version constraints
• Use variables for environment-specific values
• State encryption for sensitive data (OpenTofu feature)
• Modules for reusable infrastructure patterns
• Remote state backend for team collaboration
• Plan file for CI/CD: tofu plan -out=plan.bin && tofu apply plan.bin